Hand sprayer



c. E. HAYs HAND SPRAYER Filed Jan. 19, 1959 INVENTOR. bar/e.: /zys A arne April 18, 1961 Ehh, .lll

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HAND SPRAYER Charles E. Hays, Kansas City, Mo., assignor to H. D.

Hudson Manufacturing Company, Chicago, lll., a corporation of Minnesota Filed Jan. 19, 1959, Ser. No. 787,625

3 Claims. (Cl. 239-331) This invention relates lto new and useful improvements in sprayers, and has particular reference to sprayers of the hand-operated, portable type. Still more specifically,

the invention relates to a sprayer of the reciprocating l type, and therefore includes a relatively reciprocable cylinder and plunger pump operable to draw the liquid to be sprayed from a tank and to deliver it to Ia nozzle from which it is discharged.

In previous sprayers of this type within my knowledge the pump device delivers the liquid directly from the tank to the nozzle. Since the liquid itself is of course substantially incompressible, this structure required continuous manual operation of the pump as long as it was desired to continue the spraying action. When spraying in posireservoir intermediate the pump and the nozzle, said reservoir being adapted to receive liquid from said pump and in which said liquid is maintained under pressure by a spring-loaded piston, the reservoir being enlarged by movement of said piston against its loading spring. Since the nozzle itself constitutes an extreme tlow restriction, rapid operation of the pump will fill the reservoir and compress the loading spring. Thereafter, spraying action will be maintained until the loading spring has fully recovered.

Another object is the provision in a sprayer of the class described, of a regulating andshut-off valve between the reservoir and the nozzle, whereby the rate of discharge from the reservoir may be controlled, and whereby the spraying `action may, if desired, be delayed until the reservoir is fully charged and the nozzle is properly positioned relative to the object to be sprayed.

Still another object is the provision of a sprayer as described wherein the nozzle is carried by an angled tube attached rigidly to the plunger of the pump, said plunger being axially rotatable relative to the cylinder of the pump, and wherein said reservoir constitutes a cylinder afxed to and extending transversely from said nozzle tube, whereby said pump and reservoir cylinders are adapted to serve as handles both for reciprocal operation of the pump and for rotation of said nozzle tube to direct the nozzle as desired. l

Other objects are simplicity and economy of construction, efficiency and dependability of operation, and adaptability for use in a wide variety of applications.

Withrthese objects in view, as well as other objects which will appear in the course of the specification, reference will be had to the drawing, wherein:

Y Fig. I Vis a side elevational view of a sprayer embodying the present invention,

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional viewof the Ysprayer, showing the pump` 'section and Yrelated parts thereof, i

, 2,980,343 Patented Apr. 18, 1961 tubular pump cylinder. The rearward end of said cylinder is closed by a tting 4 Welded or otherwise xed therein. As best shown in Fig. 2, fitting is tubular, and is affixed to the screw cap 6 of a bottle or tank 8 adapted to carry the liquid to be sprayed by means of a tubular flanged nipple 10 extending through said cap and threaded into the lower portion of fitting 4. Thus the interior of tank S is interconnected with the interior of cylinder 2. A tube or hose 12 is attached to nipple 10, and depends into the bottom portion of tank 8. Cap 6 is vented to the atmosphere at 14. Cylinder 2 is further secured to cap 6 by means of a U-bolt 16 straddling said cylinder and secured in cap 6 as by nut i8. A valve ball 20 is mounted loosely in an interior bore 22 of tting 4,Y and is retained therein by a pin 24 carried by said tting and extending transversely across said bore. Said ball cooperates with a valve seat 26 formed by bore 22 to permit ow of liquid from tank 8 to cylinder 2, but to prevent ow in a reverse direction.

A tubular pump plunger 28 is disposed concentrically within cylinder 2 and extends outwardly from the forward end thereof. Said plunger is of smaller diameter than cylinder 2, whereby to form an annular chamber 30 therebetween. At its' rearward end, Within cylinder 2, plunger 2S is provided with a tubular piston 32 sealed in cylinder 2 by a compressible O-ring 34, yand having a portion 36 of reduced diameter inserted slidably into plunger 28. A valve ball 38 is carried loosely in the central bore 40 of the piston, and is retained therein by a pin 42 extending transversely across said bore. Said pin passes through both the walls of the reduced piston portion 36 and the walls of plunger 2S, so as to serve also to aix said piston to said plunger. Valve ball 38 cooperates with a valve seat 44 `formed in bore 40 to permit ow of liquid from cylinder 2 into plunger 28, but to prevent llowin a reverse direction. Just forwardly from piston`32, one or more holes 46 are formed inplunger 28 to communicate with the annular chamber 30 between said plunger and cylinder 2. Just forwardly from holes 4,6, a second pin 4S is inserted transversely through the "plunger,- thelends thereof projecting into chamber 30 for a purpose which will presently appear. v

At its Vforward end, cylinder 2 has` a cylindrical tting 50 welded or otherwise aflixed thereto, and an annular bushing 52 is inserted slidably between said fitting and plunger 23. Said bushing is sealed against tting 50 by a compressible O-ring 54, and is sealed against plunger 2S by a compressible O-ring 56. The bushing is retained in place, and the 0`rings are compressed, by a clamping ring 53 threaded on fitting S0. It will be seen that as plunger 28 is moved forwardly, ball 38 will be seated and ball 20 will be unseated, and liquid from tank 8 will be drawn upwardlyrthrough hose 12 and fittings 10 and 4 intoV cylinder 2. When the plunger is moved rearwardly, ballV 38 will be unseated and ball 20 will be seated, and liquid will be forced fromcylinder 2 through'piston 32 into plunger`v`28, and through holes 46 into'chamber 30. On the next forward stroke of the plunger,` liquid willbe forced from chamber 30through,hole's 46 intol plunger 28 and forwardly therethrough. Hence, so long as the system is full of liquid, the pump is'double-acting, and will 'deliver liquid forwardly throughplunger'on every forward and every'rearward stroke ofthe plunger. vThe end portions'of pin 48 engage the inner end of bushing Y 52toeprevent'the'plunger from'being'entirely withdrawn from the cylinder, and to preventfexposure of the'holes 46 forwardly of the cylinder.

tulularcyliiider closed atfitsfipper endby a domed cap GZ'yldedfrdth'erwise fixed thereto'and hai/ingratA depending cylindrical skirt 64 inserted into Vsaid c ylincluer.V YThe vforward-"end of plunger ,28 "is inserted VthroughV vcylinder 69 tube maybe designatedV as a singlejtubularmemberY with f thereservoir 6 0 A interposed,intermediate the ends thereof.

' piston'g is disposed slidably in cylinder 6i), being; sealed Y I therein by a `p air offO-rings 70,1and lis urged upwardly .to yabut thelowenend `of capfski'rt 64-by a compression "spring 72.5 Said spring isdisposed axially within Vcylinder "i60, bearing at its upperend against piston, and at its lower'en'd against apin 74'eXtending transversely'across said cylinden'said pinhaving hooked enclportions 76 engaged in holes'78 formed in thecylinder wall'. lt will be apparent that if, by the pumping actionpreviously discussed'li'quid is delivered toreservoir 6% through plunger f '28 more rapidly-than it is carried'aWay from'said reservoir'by nozzle tube 66,'then the pressurefin said reservoir l Y'that such-rotation willcontrol the direction of spraying,

Vwillincrease,,and piston 68 willjbe forced downwardly V against the pressure of springZ, therebyinercasing the Y volume of the reservoir to accommodate the excess liquid. i

A jter the'pumping actionis halted, spring 72 will function to urgeliquid forwardly throughthe nozzle `tube, until piston'-68 kagain abuts cap skirt 64.

'ijfhe forward 16nd portion, $0 off nozzle-tubo 66 is angled relative 'tothe majorfportion of said"tube,.and tojthe extreme end of saidrangledportion is attached a spray .headand valveassembly indicatedgenerally by the nmeral 82. As bestshown in'ligyllfsaid assembly inicludes agenerally cylindrical yand tubular bodyv member 84 whichis insertedjin and ,welded or '.otherwisejxed in "the'end'of tubelc. `Thefbore3r6 of said body membery Y is of enlarged diameter atV the o uter end-portion 58' thereof,.the 'juncture betweenbores 86 andS .beingbevelled-Ytoi formga tapered valve s'eat` 96. f arried slidahly in -bor'e isja valve V stem 92 having a .taperedpoint 9,4 whih cooperatesjwith Valve seat 90.' The valve- Ystem is ber 8d, shonlderlZtl urges valve stem 92 inwardly to `press. thetapered point 94 thereof rmly against valve seat 90, and no liquid canow. Whenithe sleeve is screwed outwardly, it frees/the valve stern, which is then forced outwardly by liquid pressureV toV open the Valve. The liquid then flows outwardly throughstrainer screen 102V into chamber Il12,'1andy through slot 978 of head 96 to the Ysleeve outletm118. "Aixedtogthe' forward end of the sleeve, andadapted to receive'liquid from outlet 118 thereoffis Aaspray head 122.w hich contains suitablemeans for atomizing theliquid and ejecting iti-in a'spray` as may be desired. Spray-heads of Vthis general type are :well

ternalgdiameter i 1.* A manually-operated'hydraulidspr .ssfinggofooontaino forgsorav solution. ,r Y "container haYineaJioH-Qrotur valvorpetmittggow from Sad Confanorgbu, Ptovoritxig .ovifiga rovsrsodiregton, :a tubular.pumpV 'including a, cylinder connectedat one from said stopped.' fSin'ce the liquid' "itsrelr isV storcdfundcr direct Y mechanical pressure, the reservoir may be much smaller,

and requires fewerstrokesof VtheY pumpv to 1il 1 it, than is required to provide a comparable operating timezin preyioussprayers wherein y the liquid isfloadedby lair pumped into Va closed vesselV c ontainingjthe "liquid: Since the nozzle tubeeis rotatable about itsaxis, andis angled to andisince reservoir entends transverselyffrom the V"JildzzleY tuhe,sa i d reservoir serves las alhandle vvvhere b yxthe 'sprayfdirection maybe controlledconvenientlyand; easily, and-.also vas ay handle 'orreciprocating*plunger 2 8 in cylinderv2:m The valve 969-94;permitstheregulation of ,liquidlow tothe nozzle, Vandalso as Ya complete shut-ott.

'The latter functionis useful in permitting kf ull vcharging Vpt tlie reservoir before V any spraying occurs, asmaybe required when sprayingrnust'be V done while holding the 'sprayer in awkward positions inrwhich may 'be diiicult 40, v

or impossible to reciprocate the plunger.; 'Also, the shut- V off feature is valuable in that'it permits shutting the spraythat many lminor-changes:of vstructure jandmoperation Y could be made'withoutd'eparting from, the spirit of the Y invention, asv defined bY-fhe .SCQPQ ofthe. apponddlaim a said lation, Y Prosllfohamcommunicating with the interior of said housing, a piston slidably mounted in said housing below the communicating tubular plunger, a compression spring having one end bearing against said piston and the other end bearing against said abutment at the lower open end of the housing, said container and said housing depending laterally from the longitudinal axis of the tubular pump to provide spaced handles to be grasped by the operator for reciprocating said tubular plunger and directing the spray solution during spraying operation, a nozzle tube having one end opening nito the accumulator housing, andan adjustable spray head on the other end of the nozzle tube for controlling discharge of the spray solution upon reciprocation of the pump.

2. In a manually-operated hydraulic spraying device, a container for spray solution, a tting on said container and a non-return valve permitting ilow from said container but preventing iiow in a reverse direction, a tubular pump including a cylinder connected at one end to the tting for receiving spray solution from said container with said cylinder providing the pressure chamber of the pump, a tubular reciprocating plunger arranged within said cylinder and spaced concentrically therefrom to provide an annular storage chamber therebetween, a piston in and having sealing engagement with said cylinder and aixed to the inner end of said tubular plunger with said piston having a central ow passage and a nonreturn valve, the tubular wall of said plunger having one or more openings adjacent said piston and communicating with said annular storage chamber, a iitting on the other end of said cylinder having sliding and sealing contact with the encompassed tubular wall of said plunger and providing a closure for one end of said annular storage chamber, a spring-actuated pressure accumulator atlixed to the other end of and communicating with the interior of said tubular plunger, said accumulator including an open-ended tubular housing having an abutment at its lower open end, a cap providing a closure atlixed to the upper end of said housing and into which extends the open outer end of said tubular plunger, a piston slidably mounted in said housing, a compression spring having one end bearing against said piston and the other end bearing against said abutment at the loWer open end of the housing, said container and said housing depending laterally from the longitudinal axis of the tubular pump to provide handles for reciprocating said tubular plunger and directing the spray solution during spraying operation, a nozzle tube having one end opening into the cap of the accumulator housing opposite the tubular plunger, and an adjustable spray head and contained valve assembly connected to the discharge end of said nozzle tube.

3. In a manually-operated hydraulic spraying device, a container for spray solution, a fitting on said container having a non-return Valve permitting flow from said container but preventing ow in a reverse direction, a tubular pump including a cylinder connected at one end to the fitting for receiving spray solution from said container with said cylinder providing the pressure chamber of the pump, a tubular reciprocating plunger arranged within said cylinder and spaced concentrically therefrom to provide an annular storage chamber therebetween, a piston in said cylinder and aliixed to the inner end of said plunger with said piston having sealing contact with the interior of thecylinder and a central flow'passage and a non-return valve therein, the tubular wall of said plunger having one or more openings adjacent said piston and communicating with said annular storage chamber, a fitting on the other end of said cylinder having sliding and sealing contact with the encompassed tubular` wall of said plunger and providing a closure for the forward end of said annular storage chamber, means secured to the tubular plunger and adapted to contact said last mentioned fitting to limit reciprocatory movement of said tubular plunger in said cylinder, a spring-actuated pressure accumulator aixed to the outer end of and communicating with the interior of said plunger, said accumulator providing -a reservoir for the spray solution under pressure and also a depending handle for reciprocating said plunger and for directing the spray solution during spraying operation, a nozzle tube having one end opening into said accumulator and an adjustable spray head and valve assembly on the discharge end of said nozzle tube, said spray head and valve assembly including a body member, a tubular sleeve adjustably mounted on said body member, said body member being connected to said nozzle tube and having a bore of smaller diameter than the opening of said nozzle tube and a communicating larger bore, a tapered valve seat at the outer end of said reduced bore opening into said larger bore, a valve member having a valve stem slidable in said larger bore and provided with a tapered part adapted to be conformably received in said tapered valve seat for closing ow through said communicating bores, an enlarged head on said valve member, said body member being longitudinally and peripherally slotted along the larger bore, a screen encompassing said body member along its slotted portion and spaced from the interior of the encompassing sleeve to provide an annular chamber for the spray solution passing outwardly through said screen when the valve member is open, and a shoulder on said encompassing sleeve abutting said enlarged valve head to close the valve member upon adjustment of said sleeve in one direction `and when said sleeve is adjusted in the other direction flow through said nozzle tube of the spray solution under pressure opens said valve member.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,060,089 Higgins Apr. 29, 1913 2,348,190 Bullock May 9, 1944 2,597,137 Tear May 20, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 358,356 Great Britain Oct. 8, 1931 

